Whatsoever a Man Soweth — Themes and Context
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Those were really very happy days, Wilfrid," and she sighed at the memory of our youthful love.
We were standing together in the sunset at one of the old diamond-paned windows of the Long Gallery at Ryhall Place, the ancient home of the Scarcliffs in Sussex, gazing away over the broad park which stretched as far as the eye could reach, its fine old avenue of beeches running in a straight line to East Marden village, and the Chichester high road.
My companion, the Honourable Eva Sybil Burnet, third daughter of the late Viscount Scarcliff, was known to her intimates as "Tibbie," because as a child she so pronounced her Christian name. In the smart set in London and at country houses she was well known as the prettiest of a handsome trio, the other two sisters being Cynthia, who married Lord Wydcombe, and Violet, who a year ago became Countess of Alderholt. Young Lady Wydcombe, who was perhaps one of the smartest women in town, noted for her dinners and her bridge parties in Curzon Street, and her smart house parties up in Durham, had unfortunately taken Tibbie under her care after she had come out, with the result that although unmarried she had prematurely developed into one of the most _blase_ and go-ahead women in town. The gossips talked of her, but the scandal was invented by her enemies.
The country people whispered strange things of "Miss Sybil" and her whims and fancies. The family had been known as "the reckless Burnets" ever since the Georgian days, when the sixth Viscount had, in one night at Crockford's, gambled away the whole of his vast Yorkshire estate, and his son on the following night lost forty-five thousand guineas at the same table. Dare-devilry ran in the Scarcliff blood. From the Wars of the Roses down to the present day the men had always been fearless soldiers--for some of their armour, and that of their retainers, still stood in long, grim rows in the dark-panelled gallery where we were--and the women had always been notable for their beauty, as proved by the famous portraits by Gainsborough, Lawrence, Lely, Reynolds, Hoppner, and others, that hung in the splendid gallery beyond.
But surely none of those time-mellowed portraits that I could see from where I stood was half so beautiful as the little friend of my youth beside me. In those long-past days of our boy-and-girl affection she had been very fragile and very beautiful, with wondrous hair of that unusual gold-brown tint, and eyes of clear bright blue. But even now, at twenty-three, she had in no way lost her almost child-like grace and charm. Those deep blue eyes, turned upon me in mock reproach, were still fathomless, her cheeks were perfect in their symmetry, her mouth smiling and sweet, and her brows well arched and well defined, while her chin, slightly protruding, gave her that piquant air that was so delightful.
Though unmarried, she was entirely unconventional, just as the Scarcliffs had ever been. Smart London knew Tibbie well. Some day she would many, people said, but the wiseacres shook their heads and secretly pitied the man who became her husband.
As a friend Tibbie was perfect. She was a man's woman. She could shoot or fish, she would play bridge and pay up honourably, she rode well, and she drove her 60 h.p. "Mercedes" better even than her own chauffeur. Old Lady Scarcliff--a delightful old person--had long ago given her up as hopeless. It was all Cynthia's doing, for, truth to tell, her extravagances and her utter disregard for the _convenances_ were the outcome of her residence with the Wydcombes.
I own frankly that I was sorry to see this change in her. The slim, rather prudish little love of my youth had now developed into that loud-speaking, reckless type of smart woman who nowadays is so much in evidence in Society. I much preferred her as I had known her years ago when my father and hers were intimate friends, and when I came so often to stay at Ryhall. True, our friendship had been a firm one always, but alas! I now detected a great change in her. Though so handsome, she was, as I had so very frankly told her, not exactly the kind of woman I should choose as a wife. And yet, after all, when I reflected I often thought her very sweet and womanly at home in the family circle.
My visit to Ryhall was to end on the morrow, and she had promised to drive me up to town on her car.
The men of the party had not yet returned from shooting, and in that calm sunset hour we were alone in the fine old gallery, with its splendid tapestries, its old carved coffers and straight-backed chairs, its rows of antlers and its armour of the dead-and-gone Scarcliffs. High in the long windows were the rose en soleil of Edward IV, the crown in the hawthorn bush of Henry VII, the wolf's head crowned, the badge of the Scarcliffs, and other armorial devices, while the autumn sunlight slanting in threw coloured reflections upon the oaken floor worn smooth and polished by the feet of generations.
She was dressed in cream serge, a slight, dainty, neat-waisted figure, thrown into relief as she leaned back against the dark old panelling, laughing at my retort.
Her musical voice echoed down the long corridor, that old place that always seemed so far remote from the present day, and where the country folk declared that at night could be heard the footfall of the knight and the rustle of the lady's kirtle.
Ryhall was indeed a magnificent old place, built by Sir Henry Burnet in the Tudor days, and pre-eminent to-day among the historic mansions of England, an architectural triumph that still remained almost the same as it was on the death of its builder. Its great vaulted hall with the wonderful fireplace and carved minstrels' gallery, its fine old tapestries in King James's room, the yellow drawing-room, the red boudoir, and the Baron's hall, full of antique furniture, were all splendid apartments breathing of an age long past and forgotten.
Being something of an antiquary myself, I loved Ryhall, and took a keen delight in exploring its quaint passages and discovering its secret doors in picture-frames and panelling. Tibbie, however, who had no love for old things, hated Ryhall. She preferred everything essentially modern, the art nouveau, art colourings, and the electric light of her mother's house in Grosvenor Street. She only came down to Ryhall when absolutely necessary, and then grumbled constantly, even worrying Jack, her brother--now Lord Scarcliff--to "put some decent new furniture into the place," and declaring to her mother that the house was full of moths and rats.
"Look!" she suddenly exclaimed at last. "The boys are coming home! Can't you see them there, down in the avenue?" and she pointed with her finger. "Well," she added, "you're not a bit entertaining, Wilfrid. You refuse to become my husband, so I suppose I shall have to marry someone else. The mater says I really must marry somebody."
"Of course, you must," I said. "But who is to be the happy man? Have you decided?"
"M'-well, I don't quite know. Ellice Winsloe is a good fellow, and we're very friendly," she admitted. "The mater approves of him, because he's well off."
"Then she wouldn't approve of me," I laughed. "You know I haven't got very much."
"I've never asked her. Indeed, if you would marry me I shouldn't ask her, I should marry first and ask afterwards."
"But do you really mean to marry Ellice?" I asked seriously. "Is he-- well, such a very particular friend?"
"He proposed to me a fortnight ago after the Jardines' dance, and I refused him--I always refuse, you know," and she smiled again.
She was as gay and merry as usual, yet there was about her face a look of strange anxiety that greatly puzzled me.
"Then you've had other offers?"
"Of course, but mostly from the undesirables. Oh! you would laugh if you could hear them laying open their hearts, as they call it," she said gaily. "Why does a man call his love his secret--as though he'd committed some awful crime? It is most amusing, I can assure you. Mason and I have some good laughs over it very often."
"But you surely don't tell your maid such things?" I said, surprised, but knowing well her hoydenish spirit.
"Indeed I do. Mason enjoys the joke just as much as I do."
"Ah! Tibbie," I said reproachfully, "you are a sad breaker of men's hearts! By Jove! you are so good-looking that if I didn't know you I, too, should fall in love with you."
"Why don't you? That's just what I want. Then we should marry and live happy ever after. It would be so delightful. I'd marry you to-morrow, dear old boy, if you wished," she declared unblushingly.
"And regret it the day after," I laughed. "Why, Tibbie, you know how horribly badly off the poor old governor left me--a bare thousand a year when all expenses of Netherdene are paid. The place is an absolute white elephant, shabby, worn out, dilapidated--certainly not the house to take a bride to. I haven't been up there for nearly two years. A cotton-spinner in Oldham rents the shoot, and his cheque is always helpful."
"Yes," she remarked thoughtfully, gazing down upon the oak floor, "Netherdene certainly isn't a very cheerful spot. It would make a nice home for incurables, or a lunatic asylum. Why don't you try and form a company, or something in the City, and run it? Other fellows do."
"What's the use?" I asked. "I'm no hand at business; I only wish I were. Then I could make money. Now, I only wander about and spend it."
"Well, you have a decent time, so what more can you want?" she asked, looking at me with those wonderful eyes that had caused many a man's head to reel. "You ought, after all, to be satisfied, and thank your stars you're not worse off."
"You're not satisfied yourself, even though you are one of the most popular girls in town?" I said. "You want a husband."
"I shouldn't want one if the mater gave me a decent allowance. I hate to be continually borrowing from Cynthia when the mater has plenty and Jack is throwing it away on the Stock Exchange. He's always learning of good things from his friends, but they generally result in losses."
A silence fell between us for some moments, broken only by the slow, solemn ticking of the long old clock near by.
"And so, Tibbie, you intend to marry Ellice!" I remarked at last, looking straight into her handsome face. Yes; after all, there was an indescribable sweetness in her manner, whatever the world might say regarding her.
"It's a secret. I've told nobody; therefore you'll not say a word, will you?"
"Certainly not. But I congratulate you. Winsloe is, I believe, a real good fellow, and I can only hope you will love him."
"I shall learn to love him in time, I suppose," she answered. "Look! there he is!"
And glancing down I saw the well-set-up figure, in drab tweeds with his gun across his shoulder, striding over the park, together with her brother Jack, my old friend Eric Domville, Lord Wydcombe, and several ladies of the house-party in shooting kit, followed by the keepers and dogs.
"Tibbie," I said, seriously, turning to her. "You know we've known each other many years. I was your first sweetheart, and afterwards your friend. I am still your firm friend, and as such I may be permitted to give you a single word of advice--to urge you not to marry that man unless you really love him."
"I know, my dear old Wilfrid," she said, smiling prettily. "You are such a philosopher. You ought to have been a parson. Nowadays women don't marry for love. They unfortunately put that away with their short skirts. They marry for convenience."
And she gazed again out of the lead-lighted window.
"But is it wise of you? Remember I am still your platonic friend, and have every regard for your future happiness. To serve you I am always ready. That you know. Only command me, Tibbie."
She hesitated for a moment, then turning to me with that strange, anxious look upon her countenance, an expression most unusual for her, she said in a low, intense voice,--
"I wonder if I might actually take you at your word, Wilfrid. I wonder if--if--" and she hesitated, pursing her lips, and I saw that her hand trembled.
"Of course I'm always ready to assist you," I said, somewhat surprised at her sudden change of manner.
"Ah! no!" she gasped, suddenly pale to the lips, a strange look of terror in her eyes. "My secret! I am very foolish. I cannot tell it to you--you of all men. It is too terrible. You would hate me!"
"Your secret!" I echoed. "What secret, Tibbie? Tell me?"
But she turned away from me, and covering her white face with her hands, burst into a flood of tears.
REVEALS A WOMAN'S SECRET.
That evening, as I changed for dinner in the quaint old tapestried room, with its ancient carved four-poster and green silk hangings, I reflected deeply.
What, I wondered, was Tibbie's secret?
That it was something she feared to reveal to me was quite plain, and yet were we not firm, confidential friends? It had been on the tip of her tongue to tell me, and to ask my help, yet on reflection she realised that her confession would estrange us. What could its nature possibly be?
Her manner had so entirely and quickly changed, that more than once I had wondered whether she had witnessed something, or seen some person from the window, and that the sight had struck terror into her heart. Was she conscience-stricken? I recollected how she had suddenly turned from the window, and how ashen her face had gone in a single instant.
I, Wilfrid Hughes, confess that I admired her, though I was in no way a lady's man. I was comparatively poor. I preferred to lead a wandering life as an independent bachelor, pursuing my favourite antiquarian studies, than to settling down to the humdrum existence of a country gentleman with the appended J.P. and D.L. after one's name. I had just enough to make both ends meet, and while Netherdene was let I occupied, when not travelling on the Continent, a decently comfortable set of chambers in Bolton Street. My friend Tibbie Burnet was, without a doubt, one of the smartest unmarried girls in London, a woman whose utter disregard of all the laws of conventionality would ten years ago have shocked, but which, alas! now was regarded as the height of _chic_ and smartness. Half-a-dozen times report had engaged her, but all rumours had proved false, while one could scarcely take up an illustrated paper without finding a photograph or paragraph concerning her. Hundreds of girls envied her, of course, therefore it was not after all surprising that evil tongues were ready to say bitter things of her. Every woman who is popular, be it in merry Mayfair or tattling Tooting, _blase_ Belgravia or busy Brixton, is sure to make a host of enemies. There is no more bitter enmity in this world of ours than the jealousy between woman and woman.
So I had always dismissed the stories I had heard in various quarters concerning Tibbie as unjust and untrue. One rumour, however, a strange, faint echo, had reached me in a curious roundabout way while staying at a country house up in Yorkshire, and of late it had caused me to pause and wonder--as I still paused and wondered that night. Could it be true? Could it really be true?
I stood looking in the long old-fashioned mirror, gazing unconsciously at my own reflection.
No. What was said was a foul lie. I was quite sure of it. Country yokels are always inventing some story or other concerning the gentlefolk. It was a fable, and I refused to believe it. Tibbie was my friend, and if she was in distress I would help her.
And with that resolve I went down to dinner. I found her in the great oak-panelled hall, where hung the faded and tattered banners of the Scarcliffs, a brilliant figure in pale rose, laughing gaily with her brother-in-law, Lord Wydcombe, her sweet face betraying no sign of either terror or of tears.
She glanced at me, waving her hand merrily as I lounged across the big vaulted apartment to join the tall, distinguished-looking man of thirty-eight, whom she had told me in secret she intended was to be her husband, Ellice Winsloe.
"Why didn't you come with us this afternoon, old chap?" he asked. "We had excellent sport across at Whitewater."
"I had letters to write," I pleaded. "I'll go with you to-morrow."
"Tibbie promised to come out to lunch, but didn't turn up," he remarked, folding his arms, a habit of his when conversing.
"No. She went out to make a call, I think. She said she had some old people to visit down in the village. She came in half-an-hour before you did," and then at that moment Adams, the white-headed old butler, announced that dinner was served.
It was a gay party who assembled in the fine old dining-room panelled from floor to ceiling, with the great hearth, the high old Tudor mantelpiece and the white ornamented ceiling with the gilded armorial bearings of the Scarcliffs in the centre. In all we were eleven, including old Lady Scarcliff herself, who, seated at the head of her son's table, had Eric and Ellice on either hand. My seat was between Lady Wydcombe and a fair-haired, rather pretty young girl named Hilda Tracey, and although the meal was a pleasant one, I noticed that never once did Tibbie address the man who had proposed to her. Indeed, she rather avoided us both. Once or twice I addressed a question directly to her, but she replied briefly, and I saw that she regretted that involuntary outburst of a couple of hours before.
The conversation of the men, keen sportsmen all, was mostly regarding the bag of the day, while the women discussed the forthcoming fancy ball over at Arundel, and made plans for it. Cynthia was a tall, striking brunette, a go-ahead woman who entertained lavishly, and whose husband, a thin, fair-haired, fair-moustached man, disapproved of his wife's gaiety, but said nothing. He was a keen sportsman, who had shot big game in the Andes and in Somaliland, and who each year gave a good time to his friends up at his fine grouse-moor in the Highlands. Jack, otherwise the tenth Viscount Scarcliff, was a slim, dark-haired young fellow of twenty-five, with a small black moustache, of a rather indolent, easy-going type, who hated town, and whose chief hobbies were speculating on the Stock Exchange and driving his motor.
Three years ago he had been in London, reading for the Bar, or rather making a pretence of reading, when suddenly he found himself possessor of the title and estates with a substantial rent-roll and the wherewithal to lead an easy existence. Therefore he at once cast aside all ideas of the Law and settled down to a country life, which he now thoroughly enjoyed.
The novel begins not with a crime but with a marriage proposal—one that is politely declined. The narrator, Wilfrid, and the Honourable Eva Sybil Burnet, known as Tibbie, trade banter about love, qualifications for a wife, and the reckless Burnet family history. Their easy, frank exchange, set in the Long Gallery of Ryhall Place at sunset, suggests a friendship that can withstand refusal. Yet the chapter’s title, “Concerns a Proposal of Marriage,” and Tibbie’s mention of a suitor named Ellice Winsloe hint at complications to come. The opening establishes a world of country houses, smart London society, and a narrator who is both insider and observer.
A Proposal Refused, a Friendship Tested
The opening dialogue between Wilfrid and Tibbie is notable for its directness and lack of sentiment. Tibbie lists her qualifications—“I can ride to hounds, cook, sew clothes for old people, and drive a motor”—and when Wilfrid asks for love, she laughs it off: “It isn’t a family characteristic.” The exchange reveals a shared understanding that their relationship is based on long acquaintance, not passion. The narrator’s voice is wry and self-aware, and the scene is carefully placed in the Long Gallery, a setting that evokes tradition and family history. The Burnets are described as “the reckless Burnets,” with a past of gambling and dare-devilry. This backstory, delivered in a few compressed sentences, foreshadows the risks and deceptions that will later entangle the characters.
From Drawing Room to Sewer: A Sudden Shift
The middle excerpt plunges the reader into a claustrophobic nightmare. The narrator, having been knocked unconscious and thrown into a London sewer, awakens in darkness, his head reeling. The prose becomes urgent and sensory: “My head was very painful with strange fancies dancing through my imagination.” He realizes his captors have left him to die, either from the fall or from the automatic flushing that sweeps the sewer clean. The setting is meticulously described—the wet walls, the side channels, the painted words “Poland Street.” The narrator’s desperation is palpable as he gropes along the wall, his matches failing, his terror of the coming flood mounting. This section contrasts sharply with the opening’s polite banter, showing the novel’s range from social comedy to physical peril.
The Bait of Antiques and the Adventurer Winsloe
In the midst of his flight, the narrator pieces together the plot against him. He recalls being lured by an interest in antiques, a bait “so cleverly placed” by a man named Humphreys, met by appointment in the vestibule of the Empire. He now suspects Ellice Winsloe, the man who has proposed to Tibbie, is an adventurer. The narrator’s urgent desire is to reveal “the astounding truth” to Scarcliff, Tibbie’s brother. This passage reveals the novel’s mystery structure: the narrator is both victim and investigator, and the clues are embedded in his memory. The reader learns that Winsloe has ingratiated himself with the family, posing as a gentleman of means. The narrator’s predicament—trapped in a sewer while a wedding may be in the offing—creates a double tension: survival and the need to warn others.
A Voice in the Dark: Eric’s Shout and the Unseen House
One of the most striking details in the sewer scene is the narrator’s recollection of “Eric’s shout of defiance, followed by that groan and shriek.” This moment, mentioned only in passing, introduces a second victim or accomplice whose fate is left unclear. The narrator also realizes he has no idea where the house he was taken to is located—“somewhere off Regent Street, but further than that I had no knowledge.” This deliberate vagueness keeps the mystery alive and underscores the narrator’s helplessness. The sewer itself becomes a character: a “Stygian stream,” a “black, swiftly-flowing flood” that threatens to sweep him away. The description of the automatic flushing mechanism, “the cleansing of London,” adds a note of grim urban modernity. The excerpt ends with the narrator discovering the wall ends, leaving him facing only the flood—a cliffhanger that propels the reader forward.
Readers should pay attention to the novel’s shifts in tone and setting. The opening’s drawing-room comedy gives way to a harrowing physical ordeal, and the narrator’s voice adapts accordingly. Key details—the family history of recklessness, the mention of Eric, the bait of antiques—are planted early and pay off later. The sewer scene, with its precise geography and sensory detail, is a set piece that rewards close reading. Approach the novel as a puzzle: the narrator is piecing together a conspiracy even as he fights for survival.
There’s something about that opening banter between Wilfrid and Tibbie that stayed with me, the way wit can hide a deeper ache. It reminded me of the quieter atmosphere in A Change of Air — Background and Themes, where the shift in setting changes everything. The sewer escape felt claustrophobic, but also strangely honest. I keep thinking about that contrast.
Owen Wilson
2 weeks agoCamila Thompson
2 weeks ago-
Kimberly Middleton - 2 weeks ago
An interesting book with a strong central theme about karma and the ripple effects of our choices. The writing is solid, and the story has some genuinely affecting moments. However, the pacing occasionally drags, especially in the middle sections, and some plot twists feel a bit predictable. Despite these minor issues, it's a worthwhile read for those who enjoy character-driven stories. -
Sara Jimmy Salazar - 1 week ago
I had high hopes for this novel, but I was ultimately disappointed. The premise is intriguing, but the execution falls flat. Characters are underdeveloped, and the plot feels contrived and melodramatic. The pacing is uneven, with long stretches of tedious exposition followed by rushed, unconvincing resolutions. The author seems to rely on clichés rather than genuine insight, leaving the reader with a shallow story that fails to deliver on its promise. A frustrating read. -
Elizabeth Kaiser - 1 week ago
This is a compelling and thought-provoking novel that explores the consequences of our actions with remarkable depth. The characters are well-developed, and the narrative weaves together themes of morality and redemption in a way that kept me engaged from start to finish. The pacing is excellent, and the ending is both satisfying and meaningful. A truly rewarding read for anyone who enjoys literary fiction that makes you reflect on life. Highly recommend it.
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Avery Young
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